| KRATKA VSEBINA | Standardni modeli ekonomske teorije se v veliki meri osredotočajo na individualno odločanje. Šele v zadnjih letih seje okrepilo zavedanje, da veliko ekonomskih odločitev v realnem svetu sprejmejo skupine, kot so uprave, odbori ali družine. Tako postaja skupinsko odločanje vedno pogostejša tema proučevanja ekonomistov. Slabostiskupinskega odločanja so najizrazitejše prav v obdobju izjemnih razmer, kotje tudi obdobje finančne krize; začetki zadnje tovrstne krize segajo v leto2008. Glede na to, da se korporativno upravljanje finančnih institucij pogosto poudarja kot glavni razlog za nastalo krizo, in upoštevaje dejstvo,da je sistem upravljanja v bankah in finančnih institucijah zasnovan tako, da sprejemanje odločitev v veliki meri poteka v skupinah, velja pozornost usmeriti na dinamiko skupinskega odločanja ter na njen vpliv na nastanek inrazvoj finančne krize. V članku so naprej predstavljene ugotovitve prevladujočih teorij, ki izhajajo s področja socialne, kognitivne in eksperimentalne psihologije ter pojasnjujejo razlike med individualnim in skupinskim odločanjem, s poudarkom na teoriji preobrata o tveganju in teoriji skupinske miselnosti. Sledi pregled ekonomskih študij s področja skupinskega in individualnega odločanja ter analiza vplivov skupinskih odločitev na nastanek in razvoj finančne krize. // Standard models of economic theory are largely focused on individual decision-making processes. Only in recent years have the awareness that many economic decisions are made by groups such as boards, committees, or families been strengthened. Thus, group decision-making is becoming an increasingly important topic of economic research. The disadvantages of group decision making are most visible in periods of exceptional circumstances, such as during the financial crisis that started in 2008. Given that the corporate governance of financial institutions is often identified as one of the mainreasons for the current financial crisis and that the governance of banks and other financial institutions is based on group decision-making processes, we focus on the dynamics of group decision making and its impacton the formation and development of the financial crisis. In this paper, wepresent the findings of the prevailing theories from the field of social, cognitive, and experimental psychology and explain the differences between individual and group decision making, emphasizing the theories of risky shift and groupthink. This is followed by a review of economic studies of group and individual decision making as well as am analysis of the impact of collective decision making on the formation and development of the financial crisis. |